Case study  /  Leamington Spa

Russell Terrace,
22 rooms into 8 homes.

A licensed student HMO in a Leamington conservation area, consented for eight flats with the street facade untouched.

Visualisation of 59 Russell Terrace, Leamington Spa: a two-storey Regency stuccoed villa with a shallow hipped slate roof, four brick chimney stacks, a dentil eaves cornice, quoined corners, three first-floor sash windows, a central round-arched doorway with a radial fanlight, and a canted bay window either side, behind a mown lawn, clipped box hedging and a low red brick boundary wall

The front to Russell Terrace, which the consent leaves untouched. A visualisation rather than a photograph, and the decoration and planting shown are illustrative: the permission is for the change of use, not for any works to this elevation.

The facts

HMO to flats conversion architects, Leamington Spa.

A detached villa of about 1830 on a tight urban plot in the Leam Terrace and Russell Terrace Conservation Area, licensed for 22 student occupants and tied to that use.

The project

One HMO, eight homes.

8self-contained flats consented in a conservation area
Location
59 Russell Terrace, Royal Leamington Spa, between Russell Terrace and Gordon Street
Client
The owners, a local Leamington lettings business, anonymised by agreement
Our scope
Architect and lead consultant, RIBA Stages 0 to 3, feasibility to consent
Status
Consented September 2025, not built

Warwick District Council, reference W/25/0777, granted 11 September 2025, subject to six conditions and with no liability to the Community Infrastructure Levy. The building is not listed. It stands among Grade II listed neighbours at Nos. 35, 37, 51 and 55.

The brief

A building tied to one use.

The owners came with a planning problem rather than a building problem. Their villa had run for years as a licensed House in Multiple Occupation, and the restriction to that use had become the thing holding the property back.

A director met them and prepared a feasibility study. The route was to convert the building back into homes: settled flats rather than transient rooms, in a street that reads change closely.

Existing use
Licensed 22-bed student HMO, Sui Generis
Proposed use
Eight self-contained flats, Use Class C3
Setting
Leam Terrace and Russell Terrace Conservation Area, laid out 1828 to 1836
Route
A single full application, determined without an appeal
The numbers

What eight homes measure.

Mix
2 one-bed, 5 two-bed and 1 three-bed
Floor area
About 473 sq m / 5,092 sq ft, from 38 to 94 sq m a flat
Communal
An 18.2 sq m basement lounge, plant and shared storage
Parking
1 space as submitted, 3 as consented, one with a charging point
Cycle parking
15 spaces in a secure two-tier store
Bins
16 containers on the street frontage, replaced by an enclosed store

Areas are the gross internal figures on the approved accommodation schedule. The decision notice counts the smallest one-bed as a studio, so the public description reads one studio, one one-bed, five two-bed and one three-bed. The same eight homes.

The timeline

Ten months, enquiry to consent.

Timeline for 59 Russell Terrace, Leamington Spa, drawn to scale in time: the building tied to student HMO use in November 2024; feasibility in December 2024; the design signed off in April 2025; the application submitted in May 2025; the parking objection solved at the rear in July 2025; and planning permission granted in September 2025

Spaced by time, not by event. The two solid markers are the submission and the decision notice, three and a half months apart.

The scheme

Changed inside, kept outside.

A site that had to absorb parking, bins and bikes it had never carried, a plan of 22 rooms rebuilt as eight homes, and a facade the conservation area barely sees change.

The site

Where the extra parking came from.

A tight urban plot of about 660 sq m between two streets. Removing a redundant gate and a section of boundary wall opened a ramped access at the rear off Gordon Street, taking two more cars off the street. An enclosed refuse and recycling store, a secure two-tier cycle store and new soft landscaping all sit behind the building, away from the conservation-area frontage.

The approved site plan, turned a quarter so it reads across the card. Russell Terrace is at the left as drawn and Gordon Street at the right, so north points right.

Before

Twenty-two rooms and a corridor.

The existing ground floor is what four decades of student letting does to a Regency villa: bedrooms subdivided out of the principal rooms, bathrooms inserted wherever a stack would reach, and circulation threaded between them. Twelve of the 22 rooms are on this floor.

The measured survey of the existing ground floor. The canted bays are the villa's original principal rooms, subdivided into lettings.

After

Five homes on one floor.

The same floor as consented, carrying five of the eight flats, from a 38 sq m one-bed to a 94 sq m two-bed in the bay-windowed principal rooms. The orangery becomes private space to a single flat rather than shared HMO amenity, and residents reach the rear along a side path formed where two basement lightwells are removed.

The approved ground floor. The remaining three flats are at first floor, above; the basement holds the shared lounge, plant and storage.

The visible change

Five windows, none of them out front.

Every external alteration is on the side and rear. Two later, non-original first-floor windows give way to a single window detailed like the historic ones, one ground-floor window is enlarged, one is obscured, a sill is raised and a rear door becomes a window. The windows being removed are not historic fabric, so the conservation officer raised no objection.

The approved side elevation. The annotations marking each altered window are on the drawing itself and are left off this plate for legibility.

The rear

The face Gordon Street sees.

The back of the villa, and the working side of the scheme. A ground-floor window moves here to give privacy between two of the flats and better light inside, and an existing door becomes a window. Behind this elevation sit the enclosed bin store, the cycle store and the new ramped access. All of it is on later additions rather than the historic fabric, which is why the heritage case held.

The approved rear elevation. This is the side the photograph below was taken from, across the boundary wall on Gordon Street.

Where it nearly failed

Fourteen spaces, room for one.

A refusal is not the only answer.

The council would not accept the parking survey, because it departed from the method its own standards prescribe, and signalled it was minded to refuse on that ground alone. An appeal meant about six months and no certainty.

Discuss a change of use
Photograph looking along Gordon Street at the rear of 59 Russell Terrace, Leamington Spa: a red brick boundary wall running down the back lane with a narrow wrought-iron pedestrian gate set into it, the slate-roofed single-storey rear additions behind, and the two-storey brick rear of the villa with its chimney stack

Gordon Street, photographed on the survey visit before anything changed. The redundant pedestrian gate in this wall, and the length of brickwork beside it, come out to form the ramped access down to the two additional parking spaces.

The full story

Warwick District Council's parking standards ask for 14 spaces for eight flats: two for the one-beds, ten for the five two-beds and two for the three-bed. The plot, hemmed between Russell Terrace and Gordon Street, offered one. The same standards had asked 11 of the building in its existing use, one space for every two of its 22 bedrooms, so in practice the scheme was adding a handful of cars to a street that already absorbed a full house of students.

We commissioned a transport statement and a parking survey to evidence exactly that. It counted the on-street capacity within 200 metres across two term-time nights, set it against 2021 census car ownership for the immediate output area, and concluded that the eight households would need about nine spaces against a local supply of several hundred. The argument was sound. The method was not the one Warwick's own parking standards prescribe, and the council would not accept it. Highways and the case officer were unmoved, and the position reached us plainly: the application was going to be refused on parking, and on nothing else.

That left three routes. Take the refusal and appeal it, which meant roughly six months, real cost, and a survey methodology that would be attacked again at inquiry. Thin the accommodation, converting the two smallest two-beds into one-beds to pull the requirement down, which is cheap on paper and expensive in value. Or find the spaces on the site.

We went back to the site. At the rear, a gate that served nothing and a length of boundary wall stood between Gordon Street and a yard the drawings had been treating as landscape. Taking both out allowed a ramped access down into two more parking spaces, with the manoeuvring room to use them. The council had already asked for the ramped access; the parking followed from it. Revised drawings were with the case officer on 28 July 2025, four days after the client approved the change, and they carry the revision note that tells the whole story: additional rear parking and relevant changes.

Three off-street spaces against a standard of 14 is still a shortfall, and the consent accepts one. What changed was that the shortfall was now the smallest the site could physically be made to give, evidenced rather than asserted, alongside 15 secure cycle spaces in a two-tier store, a charging point on the frontage space, and a permit zone that caps what the building can claim from the kerb in any case. Condition 6 of the permission ties the parking and manoeuvring areas to the approved drawings and requires them to be kept available.

The rest of the application had already been made easy. The front elevation to Russell Terrace is untouched. The five external alterations are on the side and rear, on later fabric rather than historic, and one of them reduces the glazed area rather than adding to it. Sixteen waste containers standing next to the front garden come off the street entirely. The conservation officer raised no objection, which in this part of Leamington is not the ordinary outcome for a change of use.

Permission was granted on 11 September 2025 under reference W/25/0777, with six conditions and no Community Infrastructure Levy liability. Eight homes were consented at their full mix, the accommodation the owners had asked for was intact, and the six months an appeal would have taken were not spent. Our appointment ran to consent; the building has not been built.

What we did

Lead consultant, enquiry to consent.

Feasibility, design, the heritage case, the consultant team and every exchange with the council, on one application that was determined without an appeal.

The design

Eight homes, one unchanged face.

Designed
Eight flats across basement, ground and first floor of the existing villa
Kept
The front elevation to Russell Terrace, entirely unaltered
Added
A basement lounge, a secure cycle store, an enclosed bin store and soft landscaping
Removed
Sixteen waste containers from the conservation-area frontage

A conversion earns its consent by how little of it the street can see, and by what it takes away as well as what it adds.

The submission

Everything the application needed.

Authored
The Design and Access Statement and the Heritage Statement, both in house
Appointed
The transport, energy and survey consultants, and directed their work
Negotiated
Waste management, the parking objection and the revised drawings, through to consent
Result
W/25/0777, granted 11 September 2025, no appeal

The heritage case was ours, and the conservation officer raised no objection to it.

The boundary

What this work was not.

Not built
The consent is live; nothing has been constructed
Not compliant
Three spaces against a standard of 14; the council accepted the shortfall
Not listed
The building is unlisted, inside a conservation area, beside listed neighbours
Not delivery
Our appointment ran to Stage 3; the owners take the consent forward

Being exact about the edges of a job is part of being useful inside them.

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