Case study  /  Banbury

Market Quarter,
built out.

A hundred and thirty apartments and six commercial units on a contaminated cattle market, taken from Reserved Matters to occupied buildings.

Aerial photograph of the completed Market Quarter scheme in Banbury: six red brick apartment blocks with grey roofs laid out along Merton Street on the former cattle market site, with the railway and Banbury station running along the top of the frame and Victorian terraces below

Market Quarter, Merton Street, from the air. A photograph of the completed scheme: the apartment blocks on the former Banbury Cattle Market, with the Marylebone to Birmingham railway and the station alongside.

The facts

Brownfield apartment architects, Banbury.

A contaminated town-centre plot hemmed in by a working concrete plant, a mainline railway and a private access road, carrying an outline consent that nobody had yet turned into a building.

The project

A cattle market, rebuilt as a street.

130apartments, and six commercial units
Location
Merton Street, Banbury, on the former cattle market and works
Client
Barteak Developments, with Oxford Citizens Housing Association
Our scope
The Reserved Matters application, and everything after it
Status
Built, occupied and trading

Reserved Matters 04/02630/REM, Cherwell District Council, approved at committee in March 2005. The outline permission was won for the site by a previous team before we were appointed.

The brief

Turn a consent into something sellable.

Barteak held an outline consent on one of Banbury's hardest town-centre sites: contaminated ground, buried foundations, old railway sidings, and a constraint on every boundary. What it did not hold was a design anyone could build or price.

The scheme had to work for three parties at once, and they wanted different things from the same square metres.

Site
3.38 acres / 1.37 ha of contaminated post-industrial brownfield
Route
Reserved Matters, then conditions, then the full technical package
Inherited
An outline consent and a set of parameters, not a scheme
The mix

What a hundred and thirty means.

One bed
38
Two bed
92
Open market
92 homes, 71%
Affordable rent
24 homes
Shared ownership
14 homes
Affordable in all
38 homes, 29%
Homes, GIA
About 7,580 sqm / 81,600 sqft
Commercial
6 units

Five lifetime homes and three wheelchair-adapted homes sit inside the affordable count, all in Block F. Mix and areas from our own accommodation schedule.

The timeline

Consent in 2003. Homes from 2006.

Timeline for Market Quarter, Banbury, drawn to scale in time: outline consent secured for the site by a previous team in December 2003; Rickett Architects appointed in 2004; the Reserved Matters approved in March 2005; conditions cleared from 2005; and the scheme built and occupied from 2006

Spaced by time, not by event. The two solid markers are the ones that are ours: the appointment, and the Reserved Matters approval that followed it.

The scheme

Six blocks, drawn as one street.

A linear site threaded with six buildings, a frontage that had to read as a town centre rather than a compound, and the wall build-up that carries all of it.

The layout

Blocks A to F, along one spine.

The site is a long, narrow strip between Merton Street and the railway, so the layout is a sequence rather than a plan: six blocks stepped along a spine, with the parking courts, the public square and the amenity space threaded between them and the whole thing entered from a single private road.

Our site layout, drawing s-010B, turned so the long site runs across the card. North runs to the upper left.

The frontage

A town-centre street, not a compound.

The elevation is where a mixed-tenure scheme is either one building or several. The frontage steps with the site, brick and render alternating, standing-seam parapets over the recessed top floor and juliet balconies picking out the apartments, and nothing on it says which homes are for sale and which are not.

The proposed street elevation. Tenure is invisible from the pavement, which is the point of designing it as one frontage.

Construction detail

Steel, board, and the coursing.

Stacked apartments over commercial shells mean a steel frame, and a steel frame in a residential building means fire protection, acoustic separation and a masonry skin that has to course correctly around all of it. This is the section the contractor prices, and it was drawn block by block.

The roof edge of a wall section, drawn to NHBC standards. The written notes are the specification, not decoration.

The constraint that set the plan

A concrete plant on the boundary.

Where a block sat was an acoustic decision.

An active batching plant sat on the southern boundary and the mainline railway ran along the west. Block F was positioned to screen the homes in Block E from the plant, so the mix could be planned around the noise.

Discuss your scheme
Visualisation of the Market Quarter scheme in Banbury: a contemporary red brick apartment frontage over ground-floor commercial units facing a paved public square, with people and parked cars in front of it

A visualisation of the scheme, not a photograph. Three wheelchair-adapted homes and five lifetime homes sit in the same block that does the acoustic work, so the most constrained building on the site also carries the most demanding accommodation.

The full story

The outline permission on the former Banbury Cattle Market had been won for the site by a previous team. What it bought was the right to build something here in principle, and principle was the easy part. The ground was contaminated, broken up by buried foundations and nineteenth-century railway sidings, and every boundary carried a constraint: a working concrete batching plant to the south, the Marylebone to Birmingham railway to the west, rights of access to a neighbour on Merton Street, and one unmade private road as the only way in.

Barteak Developments appointed us to make it real. That meant the Reserved Matters application and everything after it: the design the council would actually approve, the conditions that would follow, the technical package for all six blocks, and the coordination that carries a mixed-tenure scheme through to completion.

The design had three audiences and they do not want the same thing. A developer is pricing every saleable square foot. A registered provider is holding its own Employer's Requirements for the homes it will own and manage for the next hundred years. A council is running a Reserved Matters application to a fixed committee date with a long list of detail to settle before it gets there. A scheme that satisfies two of the three is not a scheme.

The site itself set the plan before any of that. It is a long, narrow strip, so the layout became a sequence of six blocks along a spine rather than a composition around a centre, with the parking courts, the public square and the amenity space threaded between them. Where the buildings sat was decided acoustically as much as commercially: Block F was positioned to screen the homes in Block E from the batching plant to the south. Get that wrong and the flats nearest the boundary are the ones you cannot sell.

We prepared and secured the Reserved Matters approval and took it through Cherwell's March 2005 committee, then cleared the conditions that came with it. The materials package included a facing-brick sample panel built and approved on the site itself. Then the boundary levels and cross-sections, the gable and entrance treatments on the blocks that read from the street, the bin and cycle stores, and the refuse and fire-tender tracking through the parking courts, which is the condition that quietly decides how wide a courtyard has to be.

From there we delivered the full technical design for all six blocks: plot layouts, elevations, sections and construction details, the staircores, the roofs, and the ground-floor commercial shells. We coordinated the structural engineer, the environmental and contamination engineer, and the landscape and acoustic consultants, and resolved the Part E acoustic separation and sound testing across the stacked apartments. We ran the NHBC approval and the condition discharges through to completion, and drew the marketing information used to sell and let the homes for both Barteak and Oxford Citizens Housing Association.

The detail that protects a developer's margin is duller than any of it. We issued one authoritative accommodation schedule, with every area measured plaster face to plaster face rather than scaled off a drawing, so a hundred and thirty apartments could be priced and sold against a number that did not move. On a scheme with three tenures and six blocks, a single set of areas everyone trusts is worth more than any amount of design flourish.

What stands there now is a contaminated, redundant cattle market rebuilt as a piece of town: a hundred and thirty apartments over six commercial units, ninety-two of the homes sold on the open market and thirty-eight affordable, including lifetime and wheelchair-adapted homes delivered with Oxford Citizens Housing Association. Nothing on the street tells you which is which.

What we did

Reserved Matters, then delivery.

The application, the conditions, the technical package for six blocks, and the accommodation schedule the sales were priced against.

The consent

Won at committee, then cleared.

Application
Reserved Matters 04/02630/REM, approved at committee, March 2005
Materials
Facing brick and render, with a sample panel built and approved on site
Conditions
Levels and cross-sections, gables and entrances, bin and cycle stores
Access
Refuse and fire-tender tracking proved through the parking courts

A condition list is a second application in instalments. Clearing it is what turns an approval into a start on site.

The package

Six blocks, drawn for the contractor.

Drawn
Plot layouts, elevations, sections and construction details, blocks A to F
Structure
Steel and precast floors, fire-protected to NHBC standards
Acoustics
Part E separation and sound testing across the stacked apartments
Coordinated
The structural, contamination, landscape and acoustic consultants

Stacked apartments over commercial shells are an acoustics problem wearing a masonry coat.

The commercial detail

Areas that did not move.

Schedule
One authoritative accommodation schedule for all 130 apartments
Measured
Plaster face to plaster face, not scaled off drawings
Tenure
Planned plot by plot, so the mix never compromised the layout
Marketing
Sales and letting drawings for the developer and the housing association

Nobody thanks an architect for a consistent area schedule. Everybody notices the one that is wrong.

Tell us about your project

Holding a consent that won't build?

A Senior Architect will reply. We will give you an initial appraisal and guide you as to what to do next.

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